R. W. Johnson, Spin resolution of glueballs in 2+1 dimensional lattice gauge theory, Phys. Rev. D 66, 074502 (2002)

Abstract: Conventional lattice gauge theory assigns the lowest spin compatible with the symmetry channel of a given operator to the state coupling to that operator. Operators on a cubic lattice, however, are only defined on angles of 𝜋/2; hence states with equal spin modulo 4 may overlap significantly. This paper explores a new technique for generating lattice operators that may be placed onto the lattice at angles other than 𝜋/2, thereby resolving this modulo 4 ambiguity. Calculations of the mass of states with spin equal to 0, 2, and 4 are performed in the positive parity and charge conjugation channel and compared to the spectrum from previous lattice calculations. These masses compare well for spin 0 and 2, and for spin 4 the mass agrees with a state conventionally assigned spin 0, raising the possibility of misidentification of the spin of states coupling to some traditional operators.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.66.074502

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-lat/0206005